5. Software of choice

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5. Software of choice

After reviewing the basics of the software mentioned in my previous post, I set out to determine which option offered the best security for my data. In the end, I chose TrueNAS Scale. Even though I originally wanted something lightweight, I also needed the ability to run additional services. I accepted the trade-off, knowing it’s worth it. Ultimately, this just means using slightly more power and resources than my initial plan for a low-power NAS for file storage and light streaming.

nextcloud logo.svg

After experimenting with different builds, it quickly became clear that I needed Proxmox. This turned out to be the perfect solution to bring everything together into one cohesive setup. Proxmox VE runs directly on the bare-metal server and acts as the central platform for all my virtual machines and containers. Even better, Proxmox allows me to create full backups of every VM and container, making restores simple when needed

So now I have Proxmox running TrueNAS Scale — but I still want more.
One of my goals is to access my personal files from outside my local network. Essentially, I want my own private cloud service. After researching various options, I chose Nextcloud. Below is the information I considered when making my decision:

Key features:

Nextcloud is an open-source, self-hosted platform for file storage, synchronization, and collaboration, serving as an alternative to proprietary cloud services like Google Drive. Users can host it on their own hardware or a service provider, which gives them full control over their data’s security and location. It includes features like file sharing, photo management, calendars, contacts, and video conferencing, which can be accessed through desktop, mobile, and web interfaces. 

  • File storage and sync: A primary function is to store and synchronize files across multiple devices, similar to Dropbox.
  • Collaboration: Allows for real-time document editing, chat, and video conferencing through integrated apps like Nextcloud Talk.
  • Productivity tools: Includes groupware features such as calendars, contacts, and a Kanban-style project management board called Deck.
  • Data control: As a self-hosted solution, it provides users with control over their data, its storage location, and access permissions.
  • Extensibility: A modular app store allows users to add or disable features, and it can integrate with other open-source applications.
  • Accessibility: Accessible via web browsers, desktop clients, and mobile apps for a consistent experience across different devices. 

How it works:

  • Nextcloud is a layer of software that sits on top of your network storage.
  • You can install it on a personal computer, a virtual machine, or a server.
  • Users access and manage their files and other data through the Nextcloud web interface or desktop/mobile sync clients.
  • Data is not directly accessed via standard network file protocols but through the Nextcloud software itself. 

    Who is it for?

    • Individuals: For those who want to own their data and have a personal cloud storage solution.
    • Businesses and organizations: Offers on-premise solutions for companies concerned with data security, privacy, and compliance.
    • Home lab enthusiasts: A popular component for those who enjoy self-hosting applications on their own hardware.

    Nextcloud will run on TrueNAS Scale, where my data will also reside. Since TrueNAS Scale also supports both VMs and containers, installing Nextcloud as an app is straightforward.

    For my media server, I’m still deciding between Plex (I have a license for hardware transcoding) and Jellyfin. I regularly use both, so I’ll choose at installation time. This service will also likely run on TrueNAS Scale using an app/plugin installation.

    Lastly, I decided to run my own firewall. I have limited experience with firewalls, but I’ll be attempting to set up pfSense. There are many firewall options available, but pfSense offers powerful features and extensive community support. My goal is to monitor network traffic and manage what my kids can access online, restricting harmful or inappropriate content. This firewall will be hosted on Proxmox.

    If you’re experienced with firewalls or pfSense, feel free to share your knowledge — I’d really appreciate the help. My next decision is whether pfSense should be configured first or last in the build process. What do you think?

    Summary

    TrueNAS Scale will host: Nextcloud and Plex (or Jellyfin)
    Proxmox will host: TrueNAS Scale and pfSense

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